Our Goal:

Decrease the risk of Earth being hit by an asteroid or comet

  • We help observers find, track, and characterize near-Earth asteroids and comets
  • We support the development of asteroid mitigation technology
  • We collaborate with the professional community and decision-makers to develop international response strategies to defend Earth from an asteroid or comet threat

The Challenge

The Earth shares its solar system with billions of asteroids and comets. The vast majority orbit the Sun far from our planet. Those whose orbits approach our own are called near-Earth objects. The vast majority are harmless and pose no threat.

However, most people are aware of the large near-Earth object that devastated the entire planet 65 million years ago. While rare, these kinds of impacts are still possible. In fact, NEOs of many different sizes can pose serious threats.

An impact on or over a densely populated city could cause millions of deaths, and an impact on water could cause massive flooding on coastlines. Any major impact would lead to widespread damage, injury, and death, and would create unparalleled humanitarian and refugee crises around the world.

The good news is: an asteroid or comet impact is a natural disaster we can actually prevent—if we try.

The effort to prevent asteroid or comet impacts is called planetary defense

What We're Doing

Bill Nye at IAC 2022
Bill Nye at IAC 2022 Bill Nye, CEO of The Planetary Society, presents on the importance of planetary defense at the 2022 International Astronautical Congress in Paris, France.Image: IAF Astro

Education and Outreach

We help more people understand the reality of the danger and the importance of protecting the Earth from asteroids, and we help them share this knowledge with family and friends.

  • We share free articles, podcasts, videos, and a quarterly magazine to inform and engage the public on topics including planetary defense.
  • We host public events such as Planetary Radio Live to share information in an entertaining way.
  • We create resources to equip our members to teach others in their community about planetary defense.
  • We identify outreach opportunities for space agencies and the scientific community, such as the 2029 asteroid Apophis flyby that is likely to spark a great deal of public interest.
  • We provide an online course to learn the basics of planetary defense.
    2019 Day of Action Testimony
    Members attend the 2019 Day of Action Planetary Society members listen to a presentation during our annual Day of Action in Washington, D.C.Image: Antonio Peronace for The Planetary Society

    Policy and Advocacy

    We help more people communicate with their representatives in government about the preventable asteroid threat, and we help keep policymakers informed of the current state of planetary defense.

    • Our annual Day of Action brings Planetary Society members to Washington, D.C. to meet with their government representatives to advocate for planetary defense funding.
    • Our policy experts meet in person with policymakers to keep them informed of planetary defense issues.
    • We engage our members in planetary defense advocacy via petitions and letters to Congress.
    • We provide guidance to the space agencies and the scientific community on planetary defense policies.
    • We equip members from around the world with the information they need to advocate locally for planetary defense measures.
    Associazione Romana Astrofili
    Shoemaker NEO Grant recipients Amateur astronomers from the Associazione Romana Astrofili in Italy were able to improve their observations thanks to a Planetary Society Shoemaker NEO grant received in 2021.Image: Fabio Anzellini

    Science and Technology

    We directly support research and development projects for planetary defense through crowdfunding. Our members and supporters contribute directly to efforts to find, track, characterize, and deflect near-Earth objects.

    • The Planetary Society's Shoemaker NEO Grant Program provides grants, mostly to amateur astronomers, to assist with observations critical to finding and understanding Near-Earth Objects. Past Shoemaker grant winners have made tremendous contributions to discovery, tracking, and characterization of potentially dangerous near-Earth asteroids using the upgrades facilitated by the grants.
    • We support research on the impact history of Earth, funding the discovery and characterization of impact craters.
    • We provide seed funding for the development of new deflection technologies.
    Some of the attendees at the 2015 Planetary Defense Conference in Frascati, Italy
    ATTENDEES AT THE 2015 PLANETARY DEFENSE CONFERENCE IN FRASCATI, ITALY Image: ESA CC BY-SA IGO 3.0

    Global Collaboration

    We bring planetary defense experts together from around the world to work on advancing solutions to the asteroid threat.

    • We co-sponsor, attend, and organize activities at academic conferences, including the biennial international Planetary Defense Conference. This is the only conference that brings together asteroid impact experts from all over the world to share updates, coordinate research, and engage the public.
    • We are official partners for the annual International Asteroid Day, which supports outreach events in communities around the world and online.
    Defending Earth
    Defending Earth The Planetary Society's 5-step plan for tackling the asteroid threat.Image: The Planetary Society / Kim Orr

    Latest Articles on Planetary Defense

    What would happen if an asteroid hit the Moon?

    If a large asteroid impacted the Moon, would it cause problems for us here on Earth?

    Want to be a citizen astronomer and defend Earth from asteroids? Here are some tips.

    We asked three Planetary Society Shoemaker NEO grant winners for tips on how to assemble your own planetary defense observatory.

    Vladimir Benishek and the mystique of asteroid research

    The Planetary Society Shoemaker NEO Grant winner learned from his mother and grandfather, while also forging his own path.

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    Educational Resources

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    How to stop an asteroid from hitting Earth If we work together and properly utilize our space programs, then we will be able to prevent an asteroid impact when the time comes.

    Will an asteroid hit Earth? Your questions answered.

    The Planetary Society presents a list of Frequent Asteroid Questions (FAQs).

    Meet the Planetary Society’s Newest Asteroid Hunters

    We talk with two of our 2019 Shoemaker NEO Grant winners, who received funding to help find, track, and characterize potentially hazardous asteroids.

    Asteroids, Comets, and Other Worlds Pictures

    Pretty pictures of asteroids, comets, and other small worlds.

    The Biggest Little Asteroid Observatory

    The Center for Solar System Studies, a perennial Planetary Society Shoemaker NEO Grant winner, is a small observatory that makes big contributions to near-Earth asteroid research.