Accelerate progress in our three core enterprises — Explore Worlds, Find Life, and Defend Earth. You can support the entire fund, or designate a core enterprise of your choice.
Twin testbed rovers JPL maintains Earthbound test rovers for both Curiosity and Perseverance. Curiosity's double is called MAGGIE, short for Mars Automated Giant Gizmo for Integrated Engineering; Perseverance's double goes by OPTIMISM (Operational Perseverance Twin for Integration of Mechanisms and Instruments Sent to Mars). NASA/JPL