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The Planetary Report

Volume XXI, Number 5, September/October 2001

September / October 2001


On the Cover

Voyager 1 turned its camera back on its home planet for the last time on February 14, 1990. For the first time, humankind could see itself in perspective from the edge of our solar system -- something possible only through our efforts to explore other worlds. This evocative representation of Earth appeared in the book A Pale Blue Dot by Carl Sagan. To see the image of Earth taken by Voyager 1, go to http://planetary.org/explore/topics/
voyager/pale_blue_dot.html

From The Editor

This is not a special issue of The Planetary Report; our cover does not signal content directly addressing the events of September 11, 2001. But both the Board of Directors and the staff of The Planetary Society agreed we could not publish the next issue without some reaction to the terrorist attack on the United States.

Our response was to return to our roots, to look for inspiration in the words of our cofounder Carl Sagan. We found the words in the essay "You Are Here" in the book Pale Blue Dot, published in 1994. There, Carl ruminated on the lessons we could draw from seeing our tiny planet, Earth, from the perspective of a spacecraft hurtling toward the edge of the solar system.

The spacecraft was Voyager 1, which, after finishing its duty as a planetary explorer, looked back one last time at the world from which it came. The viewpoint it gave humankind of our home world is possible only from such an exploratory ship. The perspective gained -- of ourselves as well as of our planet -- is achievable only by a spacefaring species. That is why we continue to explore. That is why The Planetary Society will go on and why, we hope, even now, you will continue with us on the journey.

— Charlene M. Anderson

Features

Opinion: Calibrating Success in Science: How Failure Fits In
As you've probably heard from news reports, the first test flight of our Cosmos 1 solar sail project was a failure. In any endeavor as difficult as space flight, failure is to be expected, learned from, and overcome. Glenn Cunningham, one of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's legendary project managers, reflects here on the role of failure in space flight. Glenn is very close to The Planetary Society and its projects, since he now serves as project manager for our Red Rover Goes to Mars mission.

Touchdown! NEAR's Historic Landing
The Planetary Report has been following the adventures of the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) since its launch in 1996. It's been a thrilling saga, with near disaster making the mission's ultimate success all the more sweet. We're fortunate here to have some of NEAR's team leaders (Robert Farquhar, Joseph Veverka, and Bobby Williams) report to us on their scientific discoveries and on the spacecraft's daring landing on the asteroid Eros.

Looking Back, Moving Forward: Assessing Our Solar Sail Test Flight
Here, project manager Lou Friedman reports to Planetary Society members about the reasons for the failure of the Cosmos 1 test flight, as well as our next steps in our effort to fly the first solar sail. The next test flight is scheduled for some time this winter.

Teaching Science Under African Skies
Space exploration and the science that drives it have the potential to inspire all humankind. Future generations of explorers will come from all continents, even those that today do not support a major spacefaring nation. With this in mind, The Planetary Society helped sponsor “Under African Skies,” as you'll read here.

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